|
Albins, M.A. and M.A. Hixon 2008
|
| Bahamas |
| Atlantic, Western Central |
| USA |
|
Atlantic, Western Central |
| 2004 |
| - |
| 2000-present |
| established, natural reproduction |
| - |
|
| probably some - adverse |
| unknown - |
| |
|
diffused from other countries |
|
|
| Between 1992-2006, the species has spread rapidly both north and southward along the eastern seaboard of the USA. It has now been reported from the Bahamas where it is a potential major threat to coral-reef ecosystems by decreasing survival of a wide range of native reef animals via predation and competition (Ref. 79593). A severe decrease in abundance of other species in the coral reefs (e.g. native Epinephelus groupers, Gramma loreto and Thalassoma bifasciatum, among others) have been observed (Ref. 117434). Also Refs. 87861, 87862 and 85277.
Ref:
Albins, M.A. and M.A. Hixon, 2008
|