Epinephelus daemelii (Günther, 1876)
Saddletail grouper
Spotted black groper
Epinephelus daemelii
photo by Randall, J.E.

Family:  Epinephelidae (Groupers)
Max. size:  200 cm TL (male/unsexed); max.weight: 68 kg
Environment:  reef-associated; marine; depth range - 50 m
Distribution:  Southwest Pacific: Australia, Lord Howe Island, Norfolk Island, Kermadec Islands and New Zealand (North Island and Poor Knights Island). The Australian range extends from southern Queensland to Kangaroo Island off South Australia; also reported from the Bass Strait.
Diagnosis:  Dorsal spines (total): 9-9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 14-14; Anal spines: 3-3; Anal soft rays: 8-8
Biology:  Found on rocky substrata from near shore to at least 50 m. It is an aggressive territorial species that may occupy a particular cave for life. Small individuals feed on crabs and small fishes. Sexual transition reported to occur at 100-110 cm (Ref. 6787). Large individuals are often attracted by divers (Ref. 9710). An esteemed food fish avidly sought by anglers and spear fishermen.
IUCN Red List Status: Near Threatened (NT); Date assessed: 18 November 2016 Ref. (130435)
Threat to humans:  harmless
Country info:  Known from mainland New Zealand, the Kermadec Is. (Ref. 8879) and Norfolk Island (Ref. 45524). Museum: NMNZ P.14888, P.13182, P.4836, P.21013, P.5136, P.20379, P.10554, P.16170. Also Ref. 5222, 89422.


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