Gymnothorax tile (Hamilton, 1822)
Indian mud moray
Freshwater moray
Gymnothorax tile
photo by Hasan, M.E.

Family:  Muraenidae (Moray eels), subfamily: Muraeninae
Max. size:  60 cm TL (male/unsexed)
Environment:  demersal; freshwater; brackish; marine; depth range 1 - 10 m, anadromous?
Distribution:  Indo-West Pacific: India to Philippines; south to Indonesia.
Diagnosis:  Vertebrae: 120-130. Body moderately elongate, cylindrical in front, compressed along tail; eyes small; teeth very sharp, more or less in two rows, inner series larger (Ref. 4832). Description: Characterized by body depth at gill opening 16-23 in TL; origin of dorsal fin slightly anterior to gill opening; anus posterior to or near middle of body; conical teeth in two rows on side of upper jaw; three large median premaxillary teeth; vomer with two irregular rows of conical teeth (Ref. 90102). Predorsal vertebra 7-12 (Ref. 92337).
Biology:  Occurs in estuaries and river mouths (Ref. 4832, 48635). Found usually in muddy estuaries, also enters lower portion of rivers, in 1-10 m (Ref 90102).
IUCN Red List Status: Least Concern (LC); Date assessed: 18 August 2011 Ref. (130435)
Threat to humans:  harmless
Country info:  Occurs throughout Indian coast and enters brackish water and freshwater of Hooghly (Ref. 45255). Fairly common in the Hooghly estuary, West Bengal (Ref. 4832). Recorded from Ganges estuary near Calcutta (Ref. 48635). Also Ref. 90102.


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