Melanorivulus wallacei Costa, 2016

Family:  Rivulidae (Rivulines), subfamily: Rivulinae
Max. size:  2.83 cm SL (male/unsexed); 2.94 cm SL (female)
Environment:  benthopelagic; freshwater
Distribution:  South America: Brazil.
Diagnosis:  This is distingiushed by the irregular positioning of red dots on the flank of males, that is about half a pupil in diameter, and has a short pelvic fin, not surpassing urogenital papilla at the posterior. For females, the caudal fin has 5 to 8 dark grey to black bars and a rounded black spot smaller than eye. This species has 33 to 36 longitudinal series scales, 13 to 15 anal-fin rays, 28 to 31 caudal-fin rays.
Biology:  This freshwater fish is found in streams, in the southern Rio Amazonas basin. The largest specimens examined are from Brazil (Ref. 128884).
IUCN Red List Status: Near Threatened (NT); Date assessed: 10 February 2021 (B1b(iii)) Ref. (130435)
Threat to humans:  harmless


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