Cephalopholis aurantia (Valenciennes, 1828)
Golden hind
Cephalopholis aurantia
photo by Randall, J.E.

Family:  Epinephelidae (Groupers)
Max. size:  60 cm TL (male/unsexed)
Environment:  reef-associated; marine; depth range 40 - 300 m, non-migratory
Distribution:  Indo-Pacific: islands of the western Indian Ocean to Japan and the central Pacific. Except for a single specimen caught off the coast of Natal, South Africa, Heemstra and Randall 1993 know of no confirmed records from other continental localities of East Africa. Cephalopholis aurantia from east Africa reported by Morgans 1982 (Ref. 6448) is a misidentification of Cephalopholis nigripinnis.
Diagnosis:  Dorsal spines (total): 9-9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 14-16; Anal spines: 3-3; Anal soft rays: 8-9. Pale orange-red to orange-yellow or golden with red or yellow dots on head, anterodorsally on body, and on base of dorsal fin. Posterior margin of caudal fin with a pale blue edge and black submarginal line; posterior parts of dorsal and anal fins often with a narrow pale blue edge; further characterized by having ctenoid scales on body including most of abdomen; greatest body depth 2.5-3.0 in SL; rounded caudal fin; pelvic fins usually reaching anus, 1.6-2.0 in head length (Ref. 90102); head length 2.4-2.6 times in SL; interorbital area flat; rounded preopercle, finely serrate, lower edge fleshy; subopercle and interopercle serrate; scaly maxilla, reaching to or beyond vertical at rear edge of eye (Ref. 89707).
Biology:  Rare species (Ref. 4319). Found on steep seaward reefs (Ref. 9710). Museum specimens are lacking. Usually at depths of 100-250 m, but can occur in shallower water (Ref. 89707). Feeds mainly on crabs (Ref. 89972). Solitary (Ref 90102).
IUCN Red List Status: Least Concern (LC); Date assessed: 18 November 2016 Ref. (130435)
Threat to humans:  harmless


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