Capoeta capoeta (Güldenstädt, 1773)
Seven khramulya
Capoeta capoeta
photo by Abbasi, K.

Family:  Cyprinidae (Minnows or carps), subfamily: Barbinae
Max. size:  41 cm TL (male/unsexed)
Environment:  benthopelagic; freshwater, potamodromous
Distribution:  Asia: Baluchistan in Pakistan, and western Asia. Also former USSR (Ref. 683).
Diagnosis:  Dorsal spines (total): 0-0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 13-13; Anal spines: 0-0; Anal soft rays: 10-10. Having deciduous horny covering on lips; barbels 1 pair of short maxillary; last simple (unbranched) dorsal fin-ray osseous and strongly serrated; pectoral fins long, about head length excluding snout; fairly small scales (Ref. 4832). No longitudinal rows of spots (Ref. 47064).
Biology:  Inhabits mainly the drier parts as well as the upper reaches of rivers in mountains and the lower reaches which sometimes end in marshes or deserts. Feeds primarily on plants. Spawns mostly on stony ground in rivers (Ref. 4832).
IUCN Red List Status: Least Concern (LC); Date assessed: 03 February 2013 Ref. (130435)
Threat to humans:  harmless


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