Main Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
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Remarks | Inhabits lagoon and seaward reefs (Ref. 9710). Occasionally are seen under floating objects (Ref. 1602). Feeds on algae, seagrass, hydrozoans, gorgonians, colonial anemones, and tunicates. Feeds on benthic invertebrates and plants (Ref. 33). Omnivore (Ref. 57615, 57616). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Hard Bottom: rocky; |
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Substrate Ref. | Letourneur, Y., P. Chabanet, P. Durville, M. Taquet, E. Teissier, M. Parmentier, J.-C. Quéro and K. Pothin, 2004 |
Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs: reef slope/drop-offs; lagoons; |
Special habitats Ref. | Nguyen, N.T. and V.Q. Nguyen, 2006 |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | plants/detritus+animals (troph. 2.2-2.79) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
Feeding habit | variable |
Feeding habit Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 2.81 | 0.37 | 2.76 | 0.45 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
From individual food items | 3.02 | 0.19 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |